Dora Rašan – University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Primorska 42, Opatija, Croatia
Denis Prevošek – University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Primorska 42, Opatija, Croatia
Karmela Višković – University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Primorska 42, Opatija, Croatia
Keywords: Experience economy;
MTE model;
Memorable tourism
experience;
Destination memorable
experience;
Memorable gastronomic
experience;
Systematic quantitative
approach
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31410/ERAZ.2022.241
Abstract: In the last twenty years scholars and practitioners have shown interest in exploring the concept of tourist experience from different perspectives. However, therefore less attention has been paid to the research on the tourist experience with special emphasis on the concept of memorable experience (MTE). Starting from the above, the purpose of this paper is to present a detailed and systematic quantitative research review aimed at identifying new trends in MTE research and reducing the existing gaps in the experience economy literature. For the purposes of this research, 47 studies on MTE published between 2010 and 2021 were analyzed according to the year of publication, geographic coverage, publication source and forms of tourism. The results of this study suggest that the largest number of studies of MTE were conducted in 2019 (21.28%) in Asia (56.81%) and published in the journal Anatolia (10.64%). Further analysis revealed that the largest number of research were carried out in the context of destination and gastronomic tourism. Therefore, only for these two forms of tourism, the causal relationship of different variables was analyzed, thus gaining an insight into their measurement instruments. In measuring the destination memorable tourism experience the MTE model is the most common one, while in measuring gastronomic tourism the most frequently applied dimensions are novelty, food quality, service environment and atmosphere. From a management perspective, the findings of this study offer practical implications for measuring MTE, especially in the context of destination and gastronomic tourism. Based on the analyzed data, tourism providers can get an insight into the tested and valid instrumentation that can allow them to determine strengths and weaknesses in the existing elements of their offer always focusing on the possibilities for long-term improvement of the whole service.


8th International Scientific ERAZ Conference – ERAZ 2022 – Conference Proceedings: KNOWLEDGE BASED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, Online-Virtual (Prague, Czech Republic), May 26, 2022
ERAZ Conference Proceedings published by: Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans – Belgrade, Serbia
ERAZ conference partners: Faculty of Economics and Business, Mediterranean University, Montenegro; University of National and World Economy – Sofia, Bulgaria; Faculty of Commercial and Business Studies – Celje, Slovenia; AMBIS University, Prague – Czech Republic; Faculty of Applied Management, Economics and Finance – Belgrade, Serbia
ERAZ Conference 2022 Conference Proceedings: ISBN 978-86-80194-60-8, ISSN 2683-5568, DOI: https://doi.org/10.31410/ERAZ.2022
Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission.
Sugested citation
Rašan, D., Prevošek, D., & Višković, K. (2022). Concept and Measurement of Memorable Tourism Experience. In V. Bevanda (Ed.), ERAZ Conference – Knowlegde Based Sustainable Development: Vol 8. Conference Proceedings (pp. 241-252). Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans. https://doi.org/10.31410/ERAZ.2022.241
References
Bec, A., Moyle, B., Timms, K., Schaffer, V., Skavronskaya, L., & Little, C. (2019). Management of immersive heritage tourism experiences: A conceptual model. Tourism Management, 72, 117-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.10.033
Bruwer, J., & Rueger-Muck, E. (2019). Wine tourism and hedonic experience: A motivation-based experiential view. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 19(4), 488-502. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358418781444
Burkart, A. J. and Medlik, S. (1981). Tourism: Past, Present and Future. London, Heinemann.
Cao, Y., Li, XR, DiPietro, R., & So, KKF (2019). The creation of memorable dining experiences: Formative index construction. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 82, 308-317.
Castellani, P., Bonfanti, A., Canestrino, R., & Magliocca, P. (2020). Dimensions and triggers of memorable tourism experiences: evidence from Italian social enterprises. TQM Journal, 32(6),1115-1138. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-11-2019-0259
Chan, J. K. L., & Baum, T. (2007). Motivation factors of ecotourists in ecolodge accommodation: The push and pull factors. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 12(4), 349-364. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941660701761027
Chandralal, L., & Valenzuela, F. R. (2013). Exploring memorable tourism experiences: Antecedents and behavioural outcomes. Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 1(2), 177-181.
Chen, X., Cheng, Z. F., & Kim, G. B. (2020). Make it memorable: Tourism experience, fun, recommendation and revisit intentions of Chinese outbound tourists. Sustainability, 12(5), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051904
Chen, L.-H., Wang, M.-J. S., & Morrison, A. M. (2021). Extending the memorable tourism experience model: a study of coffee tourism in Vietnam. British Food Journal, 5(1), 85-98. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-08-2020-0748
Chen, H., & Rahman, I. (2018). Cultural tourism: An analysis of engagement, cultural contact, memorable tourism experience and destination loyalty. Tourism Management Perspectives, 26, 153-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2017.10.006
Coelho, M. de F., & Gosling, M. de S. (2018). Memorable Tourism Experience (MTE): a scale proposal and test. Tourism & Management Studies, 14(4), 15–24. https://doi.org/10.18089/tms.2018.14402
Coudounaris, D. N., & Sthapit, E. (2017). Antecedents of memorable tourism experience related to behavioral intentions. Psychology & Marketing, 34(12), 1084-1093.
Dagustani, D., Kartini, D., Oesman, Y. M., & Kaltum, U. (2017). Memorable tourism experience. Antecedents and destination image outcome in Indonesia. Journal of Environmental Management & Tourism, 8(24), 1482-1493.
Dagustani, D., Kartini, D., Oesman, Y. M., & Kaltum, U. (2018). Destination image of tourist: Effect of travel motivation and memorable tourism experience. Etikonomi, 17(2), 307-318. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-08-2020-0748
Dias, C., & Dias, V. (2019). Memorable tourism experience design an effective destination marketing tool. Anatolia, 30(4),626-628. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2019.1668727
Ernawadi, Y., & Putra, H. T. (2020). Antecedents and consequences of memorable tourism experience. Dinasti International Journal of Management Science, 1(5), 676-684. https://doi.org/10.31933/dijms.v1i5.280
Gohary, A., Pourazizi, L., Madani, F., & Chan, E. Y. (2020). Examining Iranian tourists’ memorable experiences on destination satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(2), 131-136. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2018.1560397
Horng, J. S., & Hsu, H. (2021). Esthetic Dining Experience: The relations among aesthetic stimulation, pleasantness, memorable experience, and behavioral intentions. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 30(4), 419-437. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2021.1859425
Horvat, J., Mijoč, J., Matković, T., & Miftarević, S. B. (2018). Tourist segmentation in memorable tourism experience survey. In I. Milohnić, D. Smolčić Jurdana (Ed.), Trends and Challenges. Presented at 24th Biennial International Congress Tourism & Hospitality Industry, Opatija, 26-27 April, 2018 (pp. 110-119). Opatija: University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism & Hospitality Management.
Hung, W. L., Lee, Y. J., & Huang, P. H. (2016). Creative experiences, memorability and revisit intention in creative tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 19(8), 763-770.
Hull, R. B. (1990). Emotion and leisure: Causes and consequences. Journal of Leisure Research, 22(5), 55–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.1990.11969818
Kala, D. (2020). Dimensions of a memorable food and restaurant experience in mountainous destinations: an interpretive structural modeling approach. Enlightening tourism. A pathmaking journal, 10(2), 206-238.
Kim, H., & Chen, J. S. (2019). The memorable travel experience and its reminiscence functions. Journal of Travel Research, 58(4), 637-649. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287518772366
Kim, J-H., Ritchie, J. R. B., & McCormick, B. (2012). Development of a Scale to Measure Memorable Tourism Experiences. Journal of Travel Research, 51 (1), 12-25.
Kim, J. H. (2013). A cross-cultural comparison of memorable tourism experiences of American and Taiwanese college students. Anatolia, 24(3), 337-351. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2012.762586
Kim, J. H. (2018). The impact of memorable tourism experiences on loyalty behaviors: The mediating effects of destination image and satisfaction. Journal of Travel Research, 57(7), 856- 870. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287517721369
Kim, J. H., Ritchie, J. R., & Tung, V. W. S. (2010). The effect of memorable experience on behavioral intentions in tourism: A structural equation modeling approach. Tourism Analysis, 15(6), 637-648. https://doi.org/10.3727/108354210X12904412049776
Kim, J. H., Ritchie, J. B., & McCormick, B. (2012). Development of a scale to measure memorable tourism experiences. Journal of Travel research, 51(1), 12-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287510385467
Kim, Jong-Hyeong, & Ritchie, J. R. B. (2014). Cross-Cultural Validation of a Memorable Tourism Experience Scale (MTES). Journal of Travel Research, 53(3), 323–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287513496468
Khoo-Lattimore, C., Mura, P., & Yung, R. (2019). The time has come: a systematic literature review of mixed methods research in to
urism. Current Issues in Tourism, 22(13), 1-20.
Larsen, S. (2007). Aspects of a psychology of the tourist experience. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 7(1), 7-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250701226014
Lašakrin Ažić, M., Rašan, D., Prahin I. (2022). Measuring the Quality of Working Conditions
and Behavioral Intentions of Seasonal Hospitality Workers in Croatia. Tourism: An International Interdisciplinary Journal, 70(3), 369-382.
Lee, Y. J. (2015). Creating memorable experiences in a reuse heritage site. Annals of Tourism Research, 55, 155-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2015.09.009
Mahdzar, M., Shuib, A., Ramachandran, S., Herman, S., & Afandi, M. (2015). The Role of Destination Attributes and Memorable Tourism Experience in Understanding Tourist Revisit Intentions. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 15, 32-39.
Mahdzar, M., Shuib, A., Herman, M. S., & Ramachandran, S. (2016). Perceive quality, memorable experience and behavioral intentions: An examination of tourists in National Park. Innovation and Best Practices in Hospitality and Tourism Research, 25-27.
Marković, S., Dorčić, J., Rašan, D., Bucić, B., & Blažić, M. (2021a). Aesthetic guest experience in restaurant: a state-of-the-art review. In V. Bevanda (Ed.), Economics & Management: How to Cope with Disrupted Times – Selected Papers. Paper presented at 5th International Scientific Conference EMAN 2021, Ljubljana, Slovenia (hybrid), March 18, 2021 (pp. 135 – 148). Belgrade: Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans. https://doi.org/10.31410/EMAN.S.P.2021.135
Neumann, M. (1992). Investigating subjectivity: Research online and experience. In The trail through experience. In C. Eillis & M. Flaherty (Eds.) (pp. 176–201). London: Sage.
O’dell, T. (2007). Tourist experiences and academic junctures. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 7(1), 34-45. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250701224001
Oh, H., Fiore, A. M., & Jeoung, M. (2007). Measuring experience economy concepts: Tourism applications. Journal of travel research, 46(2), 119-132. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287507304039
Park, E., Kwon, J., Chae, B., & Kim, S. B. (2021). What Are the Salient and Memorable Green-Restaurant Attributes? Capturing Customer Perceptions From User-Generated Content. SAGE Open, 11(3), 21582440211031546.
Pine, B. J., & Gilmore, J. (1998). Welcome to the experience economy: Harvard Business Review, 98-105.
Rašan, D. (2021). Mjerenje nezaboravnog doživljaja ronjenja rekreativnih ronioca. Diplomski rad, Opatija: Fakultet za menadžment u turizmu i ugostiteljstvu.
Saayman, M., & Van Der Merwe, A. (2015a). Factors determining visitors’ memorable wine-tasting experience at wineries. Anatolia, 26(3), 372-383. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2014.968793
Saayman, M., & Van der Merwe, P. (2015b). Factors contributing to a memorable wine route experience. African Journal for Physical Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 21(3/2), 1052-1064.
Santos, V., Ramos, P., Almeida, N., & Santos-Pavón, E. (2020). Developing a wine experience scale: a new strategy to measure holistic behaviour of wine tourists. Sustainability, 12(19), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12198055
Selstad, L. (2007). The social anthropology of the tourist experience. Exploring the “middle role”. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 7(1), 19-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250701256771
Sharpley, R., & Stone, P. (2012). Contemporary tourist experience: concepts and consequence. Oxon: Routledge.
Sharma, P., & Nayak, J. K. (2019). Understanding memorable tourism experiences as the determinants of tourists’ behaviour. International Journal of Tourism Research, 74(3), 646-665. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2278
Smith, M. K., Ferrari, S., & Puczkó, L. (2016). Service innovations and experience creation in spas, wellness and medical tourism. In The handbook of managing and marketing tourism experiences (pp. 299-319). Bengley: Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Sthapit, E. (2017). Exploring tourists’ memorable food experiences: A study of visitors to Santa’s official hometown. Anatolia, 28(3), 404-421. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2017.1328607
Sthapit, E., Coudounaris, D. N., & Björk, P. (2019). Extending the memorable tourism experience construct: an investigation of memories of local food experiences. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 19(4-5), 333-353. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2019.1689530
Sipe, L. J., & Testa, M. R. (2018). From satisfied to memorable: An empirical study of service and experience dimensions on guest outcomes in the hospitality industry. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 27(2), 178-195.
Stone, M. J., Soulard, J., Migacz, S., & Wolf, E. (2018). Elements of memorable food, drink, and culinary tourism experiences. Journal of Travel Research, 57(8), 1121-1132.
Tourism worldwide (2021). Available at: https://www.statista.com/topics/962/ global-tourism/#dossierKeyfigures
Tsaur, S. H., & Lo, P. C. (2020). Measuring memorable dining experiences and related emotions in fine dining restaurants. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 29(8), 887-910. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2020.1748157
Tiwari, A. V., Bajpai, N., Singh, D., & Vyas, V. (2021). Antecedents of hedonism affecting memorable tourism experience (MTE) leading to revisit intention in tourists. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 8(3), 588-602. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-03-2021-0043
Quadri-Felitti, D. L., & Fiore, A. M. (2013). Destination loyalty: Effects of wine tourists’ experiences, memories, and satisfaction on intentions. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 13(1), 47-62.
Yu, C. P., Chang, W. C., & Ramanpong, J. (2019). Assessing Visitors’ Memorable Tourism Experiences (MTEs) in Forest Recreation Destination: A Case Study in Xitou Nature Education Area. Forests, 10(8),1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/f10080636
Vada, S., Prentice, C., & Hsiao, A. (2019). The influence of tourism experience and well-being on place attachment. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 47, 322-330.
Wei, C., Zhao, W., Zhang, C., & Huang, K. (2019). Psychological factors affecting memorable tourism experiences. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 24(7), 619-632. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2019.1611611
Westwood, S. (2006). Shopping in sanitised and un-sanitised spaces: Adding value to tourist experiences. Journal of Retail & Leisure Property, 5(4), 281-291. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.rlp.5100033
Wilkinson, P.F. (2016). Foodies and food tourism. Annals of Leisure Research, 19(1), 139-141. https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2015.1072729
Wirtz, D., Kruger, J., Scollon, C. N., & Diener, E. (2003). What to do on spring break? The role of predicted, on-line, and remembered experience in future choice. Psychological Science, 14(5), 520-524. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.03455
Zare, S. (2019). Cultural influences on memorable tourism experiences. Anatolia, 30(3), 316-327. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2019.1575886
Zhang, H., Wu, Y., & Buhalis, D. (2018). A model of perceived image, memorable tourism experiences and revisit intention. Journal of destination marketing & management, 8, 326-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2017.06.004
Zhong, Y. Y. S., Busser, J., & Baloglu, S. (2017). A model of memorable tourism experience: The effects on satisfaction, affective commitment, and storytelling. Tourism Analysis, 22(2), 201- 217. https://doi.org/10.3727/108354217X14888192562366